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The activity of French Research Ethics Committees and characteristics of biomedical research protocols involving humans: a retrospective cohort study
Ethics Committees characteristics
2008/11/11
Background
Clinical trials throughout the world must be evaluated by research ethics committees. No one has yet attempted to clearly quantify at the national level the activity of ethics committees a...
Status of national research bioethics committees in the WHO African region
committees WHO
2008/11/11
Background
The Regional Committee for Africa of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001 expressed concern that some health-related studies undertaken in the Region were not subjected to any form ...
Evidence-based ethics? On evidence-based practice and the "empirical turn" from normative bioethics
empirical turn normative bioethics
2008/11/11
Background
The increase in empirical methods of research in bioethics over the last two decades is typically perceived as a welcomed broadening of the discipline, with increased integration of social...
The development of a brief and objective method for evaluating moral sensitivity and reasoning in medical students
Medical ethics education questionnaire Japan
2008/11/10
Background
Most medical schools in Japan have incorporated mandatory courses on medical ethics. To this date, however, there is no established means of evaluating medical ethics education in Japan. T...
Critical reflections on evidence, ethics and effectiveness in the management of tuberculosis: public health and global perspectives
evidence ethics effectiveness
2008/11/10
Background
Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Recent scholarly attention to public health ethics provides an opportunity to analyze several ethical issues raised by th...
The obligation of physicians to medical outliers: a Kantian and Hegelian synthesis
physicians medical outliers
2008/11/10
Background
Patients who present to medical practices without health insurance or with serious co-morbidities can become fiscal disasters to those who care for them. Their consumption of scarce resour...
Under-representation of developing countries in the research literature: ethical issues arising from a survey of five leading medical journals
ethical issues medical journals
2008/11/10
Background
It is widely acknowledged that there is a global divide on health care and health research known as the 10/90 divide.
Methods
A retrospective survey of articles published in the BMJ, Lan...
Clinical education of ethicists: the role of a clinical ethics fellowship
Clinical education ethicists
2008/11/10
Background
Although clinical ethicists are becoming more prevalent in healthcare settings, their required training and education have not been clearly delineated. Most agree that training and educati...
Background
Medical outliers present a medical, psychological, social, and economic challenge to the physicians who care for them. The determinism of Stoic thought is explored as an intellectual basis...
Variations and voids: the regulation of human cloning around the world
human cloning voids
2008/11/10
Background
No two countries have adopted identical regulatory measures on cloning. Understanding the complexity of these regulatory variations is essential. It highlights the challenges associated wi...
DNA databanks and consent: A suggested policy option involving an authorization model
DNA databanks consent
2008/11/7
Background
Genetic databases are becoming increasingly common as a means of determining the relationship between lifestyle, environmental exposures and genetic diseases. These databases rely on large...
The unique ethical challenges of conducting research in the rehabilitation medicine population
ethics research rehabilitation medicine
2008/11/7
Background
The broad topic of research ethics is one which has been relatively well-investigated and discussed. Unique ethical issues have been identified for such populations as pediatrics, where th...
Human cloning laws, human dignity and the poverty of the policy making dialogue
Human cloning laws human dignity
2008/11/7
Background
The regulation of human cloning continues to be a significant national and international policy issue. Despite years of intense academic and public debate, there is little clarity as to th...
American physicians and dual loyalty obligations in the “war on terror”
American physicians war on terror
2008/11/7
Background
Post-September 11, 2001, the U.S. government has labeled thousands of Afghan war detainees "unlawful combatants". This label effectively deprives these detainees of the protection they wou...
Perspectives on advance directives in Japanese society: A population-based questionnaire survey
Advance Directives Living Will Questionnaire Surrogate Decision Making
2008/11/7
Background
In Japan, discussion concerning advance directives (ADs) has been on the rise during the past decade. ADs are one method proposed to facilitate the process of communication among patients,...